نشریه پژوهش در پزشکی
سال چهل و چهارم شماره 3 (پیاپی 175، پاییز 1399)

Diabetes is a form of metabolic disease which sufferers are constantly exposed to cardiovascular disease. Exercise training and diet are two important factors in managing this disease. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the interactive effect of High Intensity Interval and Low Intensity Continuous Trainings and Crocin on expression of PGC-1α and UCP1 genes in Heart Tissue of Diabetic Rats.

In this experimental study, 56 diabetic male rats (Induced by high-fat diet and injections Stz) were divided into 7 groups: 1) High Intensity Interval training, 2) High Intensity Interval training and Crocin consumption, 3) Low Intensity Continuous Trainings, 4) Low Intensity Continuous Trainings and Crocin consumption, 5) Sham, 6) Crocin consumption, and 7) Control. Both High Intensity Interval and Low Intensity Continuous training trained on the treadmill 3 sessions per week for 8 weeks, respectively with intensity of 80 to 85 and 50 to 55 percent of maximum running speed on rodent treadmill and Crocin consumption received 25 mg/kg Crocin per day for eight weeks. The data were analyzed by Paired sample t-test, two-way ANOVA and Bonferronchr('39')s post hoc test (p≤0.05).

Training (p = 0.001) and crocin consumption (p = 0.001) increased significantly the expression of PGC-1α and UCP1, Also, training with crocin consumption has interactive effects in increasing the PGC-1α gene expression (p = 0.001) and UCP1 (p = 0.001) and high intensity interval and low intensity continuous training have the same effects on the increase of UCP1 expression (p = 0.02).

It seems high intensity interval and low intensity continuous training with Crocin consumption have interactive effects on improvement of PGC-1α and UCP1 gene expression levels in heart tissue of diabetic rats.

leptin is proposed to be an important factor in energy balance and metabolism to influence body weight. So far, little research has been done on the effect of body-pumping exercises on weight loss and leptin levels. The purpose of this study was to determine whether body-pumping exercises can alter leptin levels and weight in inactive girls. Also, can ginger supplementation alter leptin levels and weight in inactive girls?

In this experimental study 48 collegiate inactive students of University of Isfahan, (BMI =28 ± 0.83, and age=23.4 ± 0.24 years) participated in this study. Subject divided into 5 groups: Training, Training & Supplements, Supplementation, Control, and Placebo. The subjects participated in moderate intensity Body Pump training three times per week and supplementary groups received 3 capsules containing 250 mg ginger, three times per day. For data analysis, ANOVA was used. Results

showed a significant decrease in leptin levels and body mass index in the exercise and supplement groups compared to the pre-test (p=0.003, t=5.23, p=0.001, t=10.33). In addition, leptin levels in the exercise and supplement groups decreased significantly more than the exercise group alone (p=0.002, F=13.11).

It seems Body Pump Training combined with ginger supplementation leads to changes in weight loss and leptin levels.

Candida species have been associated with the emergence of resistant strains against antifungal agents, recently. Antifungal agents are usually accompanied with side effects. Plant products have been used traditionally as alternative medicine to cure candidiasis. So it seems vital to find the new antimicrobial agents with fewer side effects. In this survey, we aimed to evaluate the antifungal effects of aqueous extracts of Mentha longifolia against oral pathogenic candida species.

This study was conducted on Candida albicans ( ATCC 10261), and ten Candida albicans isolated from leukemia (AML and ALL) patients with thrush.  
The antifungal activity and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Mentha longifolia extract were evaluated and then MIC results compared with
Chlorhexidine and nystatin.

Mentha longifolia extract showed antifungal properties. MIC results of extract were in the range of 31.25 to 125 µg/ml. while MIC of Chlorhexidine were in the range of 125 to 250 µg/ml. Moreover, a significance difference was not observed between MIC of standard species and clinical isolates of Candida albicans (P>0.05). According to the results, aqueous extract of Mentha longifolia was more successful in inhibition of growth of Candida isolates, compared to
Chlorhexidine (P<0.001).

The inhibitory effects of Mentha longifolia extract have shown that it has potential to be considered as a promising candidate for the development of antifungal agent for treatment of thrush.

Identifying The core journals can help libraries to identify the actual needs of users, improve the process of providing needed resources, eliminate unnecessary issues, and optimize allocation of funds. So, the purpose of this study is to identify core journals by examining the references of the scientific productions of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in Web of Science and Scopus (2017), and examine the status of their access and quality.

The research was citation analysis and The Bradford law of scattering was used to determine the core journals. The population of the study is citations in 3961 indexed articles of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in Web of Science and Scopus. The status of access to the core journals was determined using the website provided by the Ministry of Health for this purpose and to determine the quality of journals, Q index was used using Journal Citation Reports (JCR)

Out of 10155 Cited Journals in the scientific productions of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 104 titles were identified as core journals. Checking the status of access and quality of core journals showed that 69.2% of the journals are accessible through the Journals Subscribed by the academic consortium of the Ministry of Health and 93.3% of core journals are indexed in ISI.

Considering the provision of two-thirds of the core journals through the Scientific Resource Consortium, It seems that the practitioners of the selection and provision of journals in the Ministry of Health have been doing well.Also,  93.3% of the core journals are listed in Journal Citation Reports (JCR) and this shows that researchers at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences use Credible journals in their compilations.

One of the goals of medical science in current communities is wound healing in shorter time and with less side effects. The nettle extract in the presence of chitosanchr('39')s natural polymer can have antimicrobial and repairing properties. It also improves the recovery speed with less complications and less time.

For different tests, we produced a chitosan film with different percentages of 10%, 20%, 40% of nettle extract and a control sample without plant extracts. These tests include scanning electron microscopy (SEM), percentage of water absorption, antibacterial properties, percentage of inflation, degradability rate.

The sample with high percentage of plant extract had a higher porosity surface than other samples and could be considered as a suitable wound dressing. Using two gram positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) and gram negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) from the body of patients in Taleghani Hospital of Tehran to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the film containing nettle extract and chitosan was used. The results of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria are better than Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Results were calculated with Prism software.

A wound dressing should be capable of absorbing extra secretions from the wound, antibacterial, smoot cutting without damaging the wound , biodegradable. The results of this study indicate that the wound dressing prepared in this project can have the conditions of an ideal wound dressing.

Most exposure of people to artificial sources through diagnostic radiographs is due to the increase of these tests in the community and the inevitability of these tests. Optimizing the dose of skin inlet can play an important role in reducing radiation exposure, which can be achieved by monitoring the inlet dose as a key parameter.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the rate of skin input dose in routine radiographic tests at Loghman Hakim Hospital in Tehran to compare the doses recommended by the International Commission for Protection against Radiation (ICRP) as well as, if possible, to provide simple guidelines for dose reduction and optimization. Patients with preserved image quality.

This descriptive study was performed in Loghman Hakim public hospital in Tehran with 235 patients 100 females and 135 males with a weight range of ± 10 kg. In this study, skin doses of patients were measured using four diagnostic radiographs of IAEA standards, in 12 common radiographic views using thermoluminescence chips and Geiger Müller dosimeter.

The doses of skin for each radiographic method in milligrays were as follows: Chest (posterior-anterior) 0.34, Chest (1.85), Abdominal (anterior-posterior) 3.31 , Hip (anterior-posterior) 4.79, cervical (anterior-posterior) 1.95, cervical vertebra (1.24), dorsal (anterior-posterior) 2.38, dorsal vertebrae (profile) 4.68), lumbar vertebrae 3.95, lumbar vertebrae 9.53, skull (antero-posterior) 29.2 and skull 1.89.

This study shows that the rate of skin inlet dose in the twelve investigated facets was in accordance with the recommended doses and was in line with the standards provided by the International Commission for Protection against ICRP and also optimized the radiation parameters. And standardizing radiographic conditions by preserving the image quality will reduce the dose received by patients. In this regard, dosimetry at regular intervals and periodic and regular quality control tests of radiographic devices can be optimized, monitored, reduced dose. And protecting patients as well as assessing potential harm The object of radiation will be effective.

Stress and its effects on mental functions are among influential factors of mental health; therefore, approaches to prevent the effects of stress, especially non-medical approaches, are beneficial. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the effect of restrained stress and swimming exercise on spatial learning and memory in male rats.

The present experimental study was conducted on 28 Albino-Westar rats assigned randomly to four groups (stress, swimming, stress+swimming, and control). Rats in stress group were exposed to immobilization stress (2h per day × 7 days), the swimming group were trained swimming (2h.per day × 7 days), and the stress+swimming group received the same stress protocol as stress group was and then received the same swimming training as swimming group for seven days. The control group performed behavioral tests without any intervention. Behavioral examination of the rats was performed using Morris Water Maze during both acquisition and recall levels.

The results reported significant progress in the traveled distance and escape latency of all groups in the acquisition phase (P≤05/0). However, the one-way ANOVA demonstrated that the swimming and stress+swimming groups traveled less distance compared to stress (P=0.007; P=0.03) and control groups (P=0.0001; P=0.001). In addition, the swimming group spent significantly less time to reach the target compared with the stress and control groups (P = 0.006 = 0.003). Furthermore, the stress + swimming group spent less time to reach the hidden platform compared with the stress and control group (P = 0.01; P= 0.001).

The swimming exercise can individually enhance the cognitive function. In addition, when there is stress, using swimming exercises in addition to stressful conditions can reduce the distance and time to reach the platform.

The pain after the surgery is an important clinical problem. Until now a lot of methods for reducing pain after surgery have been evaluated. Because of the high prevalence of cesarean section and this point that pain after cesarean section can influence the healthy state of mothers and infants, this study with purpose of comparing of outcome of incisional infiltration with Lidocaine and Epinephrine versus Lidocaine in the end of cesarean section has been planned.

This study has been performed on 100 pregnant women with term pregnancy that were candidate for elective cesarean with spinal anesthesia. Patients were randomly divided to two groups including, group of 20 ml 2% Lidocaine or 20 ml solution of 1/4 of 1 mg/ml Epinephrine in 50cc of 2% Lidocaine (1/200000 dilution) that has been infiltrated in the subcutaneous after cesarean and before closing the skin. The measure of pain and narcotic use after surgery, the time of first lactating, to get out of bed , and discharge time of patients from hospital were compared between two groups with statistical tests, independent t, fisher exact test , and chi-square .

The results of this study showed that patients who have received Lidocaine and Epinephrine in the incisional site after cesarean versus patients who have received Lidocaine alone meaningfully started lactating sooner (P=0.018) and discharged sooner from hospital (P=0.010). Also, these individuals experienced less pain intensity from the 4 hours postoperatively until the end of the first day after the operation, compared to the lidocaine group (P<0.001), and the use of pethidine on the first day was less than that of the opposite group (P<0.001).

It seems adding Epinephrine to the local anesthetics like Lidocaine can prolong the effect of anesthetics and can reduce the doses of narcotic use after surgery and also can reduce the time of first lactating and discharge from hospital.

The aim of this study was to determine the recurrence rate in gastric cancer patients with positive peritoneal lavage cytology in comparison with negative lavage in patients affiliated to Ayatollah Taleghani Hospital.

This is a descriptive-analytic study. 59 patients with gastric cancer are included in the study. Lavage of peritoneal cavity is performed with 150 cc of saline tare. 4 LAMs are provided from each patient.
Postoperative follow-up of patients after recurrence of the disease regardless of the stage of the disease in patients with cytological lavage positive and negative.

In this study, 59 patients were diagnosed with gastric cancer, 20 men and 39 women. The results of the study showed that there is a significant relationship between peritoneal fluid cytology and relapse (P value = 0.001).

In this study, the peritoneal cytology value in determining the prognosis of stomach, colon, and pancreatic cancers was more studied and the relationship between positive cytology of peritoneum lavage and inappropriate prognosis was confirmed. This method has also been used to determine the relapse of abdominal cancers, which has had beneficial results.

Postoperative pain is an important adverse effect after cesarean section and pain management is an issue of importance in these cases. The purpose in this study was to determine the efficacy of prophylactic paracetamol injection for pain reduction after cesarean.

In this interventional study that was performed as a randomized clinical trial, 60 consecutive pregnant women attending to Taleghani Hospital in 2017 and 2018 for cesarean section were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive either paracetamol 1 gram or placebo. The postoperative pain (VAS) and patient’s satisfaction was compared across the groups in first 24 postoperative hours.

The results in this study demonstrated that postoperative pain was significantly lower and the patient’s satisfaction was higher in first 24 postoperative hours in paracetamol versus placebo group (P < 0.05).

Totally, according to the obtained results it may be concluded that paracetamol is effective option for postoperative pain management in cesarean cases and use of this therapeutic is recommended.

Recent studies on BEZ235 (PI3K/AKT inhibitor) and XAV939 (WNT/βcatenin inhibitor) have shown promising results in colon cancer treatment. Many studies have suggested the effect of BEZ235 and XAV939 on colon cancer cells in combination with an environmental cytokine such as IL-1β, by analyzing the anti-proliferative effects of tumor cells and cell death. This study aims to the effect of pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) around the tumor on these two drugs and also the response of colon tumor cells to new therapeutic methods.  

In this experimental study, cancer cells were treated with IL-1β, BEZ235 and XAV939 alone and in combination together. The percentage of cell survival was evaluated by using MTT method. Flow cytometry was used to detect cell death. All cultures were performed in triplicate. All statistical analysis were performed using GraphPad Prism 6 software.  

The results of this study showed that BEZ235 significantly reduced the proliferation of the large intestine tumor cells, while XAV939 treatment increased the cell death up to 22.5 percent after 72h (p<0.05). The pro-inflammatory IL-1β significantly increased the sensitivity of the cancer cells to the XAV939 (31%, p<0.05).

Based on the findings of this study it seems that the presence of the pro-inflammatory IL-1β improves the inhibitory effect of XAV939 on cancer cells, but it has no significant effect on the inhibitory effect of BEZ235.

Colorectal cancer as a leading cause of cancer related death develops through multistep pathway. MicroRNAs (microRNAs) are a group of small noncoding RNAs that inhibit target mRNA translation. Studies show that abnormal expression of these genes is associated with colorectal cancer. Studies have shown that abnormal expression of these genes is associated with colorectal cancer. miR-195 appears to be the major regulatory factor in various cancers including colorectal cancer. Further studies are needed to precisely determine the regulatory role of miR-195 in colorectal cancer. The aim of this study was to determine the expression level of miR-195 in colon adenocarcinoma and normal tissue specimens and to confirm this biomarker in tissue samples in Iran.

The study was a case-control design. In vitro bioinformatics analysis was performed on gene expression and its results were confirmed by experimental and in vitro analysis on clinical samples. In this study, after RNA extraction and cDNA sequencing, gene expression was designed using primers. Real time PCR was measured and then statistically analyzed.

The initiation of invasion and metastasis pathways may be due to decreased miR-195 expression. The qRT-PCR test results for the expression of genes showed that mi3R-195 expression was potentially decreased in tumor tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues (p <0.00001). miR-195 is potentially associated with clinicopathologic features of tumors (P value 0.2363).

The present study demonstrates the potential role of 195 - miR in the development of colon cancer.

Road accidents often cause severe damage to their victims and have a direct impact on community members. Iran has the highest rate of road accidents. The purpose of this study was to determine the model for predicting road deaths and injuries in West Azerbaijan province based on the data of the years (2010-2017) in a time series: Box-Jenkins model.

In this descriptive study, all deaths and injuries caused by traffic accidents were analyzed during 2010-2017. In order to determine the process of death and injury caused by traffic accidents in West Azerbaijan province, time series and Jenkins series models were used and the process of death and injury from traffic accidents was predicted in the province.

In this study, it was found that the accidents trend was unstable in the study period and the best model to predict which one had the least value is the ARIMA model (2, 0, 1) with AIC = 78/38 As a suitable model for series fitting, due to the lack of seasonal trend of road accidents in West Azerbaijan province the trend is decreasing That is, in 2018 there were about 269 deaths which decreased by 7.4% compared to the year 2017.

According to the results, the trend of accidents for the coming year has also been declining, which is a good trend.

Groin pain is one of the common problems in multidirectional sports. The rate and complexity of injury have resulted in prolongation and high rate of this injury. However, there is so far no study that studies accurately the activity of muscle during dynamic and functional activities. Therefore, the aim of this study was to Comparing the Average amplitude of EMG (AEMG), co-contraction ratio (CCR) of selected thigh and thoracic muscle during turning in individuals with chronic groin pain and healthy individuals.

Surface electromyography was collected from the internal oblique/transversus abdominis (IO/TrA), multifidus (MF), adductor Longus (AL) and gluteus Medius (GM) for AEMG and CCR analyzed in 16 males with LSGP and 16 controls in four motion phases during 11 cycles of gait coupled with turning.

statistical analysis indicated that in the mean muscle activity (AEMG) apart from the third phase in the muscle of the IO/ Tr.A muscle and in the second phase in the MF muscle in the trunk and in the third phase in the muscle of the AL and the fourth phase in the GM foot Left There was a significant difference in other phases. There was a significant difference in the cocontraction ratio, except in the second phase of the trunk and the fourth phase of the left foot in the rest of the phases.

it seems that in individuals with chranic groin pain, muscular activity and co-contraction have changed during turning, resulting in compensatory strategies and movement control defects, which may be a useful tool to predict LSGP occurrence in players with a history of groin pain.

Much reserch has been done in recent years on the impact of resistance training on the physical function of the elderly people. In this study, the effect of  a 12 weeks combined exercise on P3NP, CAF and physical activity of elderly people was investigated.

The present study was experimental with a pre-test  post-test design. Twenty one elderly people were selected in a purposeful manner and randomly divided into two groups. The control group consisted of ten subjects and a combined training group (n = 11). Combined exercises consisted of three sets of resistance- speed training with intensity 60-50% of 1RM and 10-8 repetitions (10-13 seconds) with four-way walking in different intensities. Before and after the exercise, BMI, physical performance tests, and serum levels of P3NP and CAF indices were evaluated in all groups by ELISA method. ANOVAs tests with repeated measurements were used to determine variables changes within groups.

The results showed that functional performance improved in the training group compared with the control group (p <0.05). Also, the combined exercise program did not have a significant effect on serum levels of P3NP and CAF (ρ = 0.146 and ρ =0.124).

The results of this study showed that performing resistance- speed exercise with walking in different directions could improves physical performance and might have showed down the process of decreasing neuromuscular quality in elderly people.